Abkhazia

 country, invisible, draw only border, territorial dispute

Republic of Abkhazia (Abkhaz: Аҧсны Apsny, Georgian: აფხაზეთი Abkhazeti, Russian: Абхазия Abkhazia) is located in north-western Caucasus. It borders in the north and north-east of Krasnodar Region and the North Caucasus republics (Karachayevo-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria), and from the south-east - with Zugdidi District of Georgia. The area of Abkhazia - 8.6 thousand square kilometers washed by the Black Sea. The average length of the territory from west to east 160 km from south to north 54 km. The length of 210 km of coastline.

The capital of Abkhazia - the city of Sukhumi (Akua). The population of the city of Sukhumi - more than 50 thousand people. The territory of Abkhazia includes 7 areas (Gagra, Gudauta, Sukhumi, Gulrypsh, Ochamchyra, Tkuarchal, Gali), 7 cities (Gagra, Gudauta, Akhali (Novi) Afoni, Sukhumi, Ochamchyra, Tkvarcheli, Gali), 5 towns (Tsandripshi, Pitsunda, Bzypi, Myussera, Gulripshi), 512 villages.

The population of Abkhazia, over 320 thousand people (2001) - Abkhazians, Georgians, Armenians, Russian, Greeks, Estonians, Germans, Poles, Jews and other urban population of over 50%. Among Orthodox believers predominate.

President of the Republic of Abkhazia, elected for a term of 5 years, is the head of state. The Legislature presented multi parliament, elected for a term of 5 years and consisting of 35 deputies.

The Constitution of the Republic of Abkhazia, adopted by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Abkhazia on November 26, 1994, was set up an ''independent state'' - the Republic of Abkhazia (Apsny).

Official language - Abkhazian. Russian language, along with the Abkhaz language recognized government and other institutions. Abkhazian language has two dialects (abzhua and bzyb) and enters the Abkhaz-adygskuyu group of north-Caucasian languages. Writing on the basis of Russian alphabet.

Currency Unit Abkhazia - Russian ruble. Exchange is in the banks of major cities.

Summer time in line with Moscow. On the territory of Abkhazia is the main Russian television channels broadcast ( "1 Kanal/1st channel", "Vesti", "NTV").

Humid subtropical climate, the average temperature in January on the coast +4 +7 C, in the mountains of +2 to -2 C, respectively in July +22 +24 C. Precipitación 1300-2400 mm. a year.

Nature. Mountains occupy 64% of the territory - Chief Caucasian, Bzyb, Gagra's, Chkhalta's, Kodori's ridges and spurs. The greatest height of 4046 meters (Dombay-Ulgen). In southern hills and lowlands.

Karst caves: "Novo-Afonskaya", "Snow", cave-gap at the ridge Arabika - the deepest in the world (1860 meters). Rivers: Psou, Bzybi, Gumista, Kodori, Aldzga, Enguri and others Lakes - Ritsa, Amtkeli, Inkiti, blue, Bebeisiri. Forests covered over 55% of the territory (oak, beech, hornbeam, chestnut, fir, spruce), on the shores of subtropical vegetation. Reserves: Ritsa's National Park, Pskhu's Reserve, Gumista's Reserve, Pitsunda-Myussera's reserve.

Industry: food industry (tea, tobacco, wine, canned), wood, chemical, coal. Crops: tea, tobacco, citrus and oil (tung). Fruit Production and viniculture. Crops: corn. Livestock mainly milk and milk-meat lines.

Highlights fossils: polymetallic, lead-zinc-silver and mercury ore, coal, barite, dolomite, as well as stocks of clean drinking water, mineral and thermal waters. Widely distributed natural construction and facing material.

Transport: rail line and highways, seaports - Sukhumi and Ochamchira. On the territory of Abkhazia has two airports - Babyshera and Bambora.