Bay Ambarchik. «North Gate» DALSTROYA GULAG.

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In 1909, these metah expedition GY Sedov. Then the expected arrival of steamers from Vladivostok in the mouth of the Kolyma, and it was necessary to find the fairway. Near Cape Ambarchika Dmitri Lapteva stood high wooden lighthouse. Beside it was a few dilapidated barns (may be, from and its name - Ambarchik), in which, I believe, lived in 1739 AD Lapteva team. But for 170 years, the channel has shifted, and the lighthouse remains as a historic monument.
On the shore of the bay Ambarchik, which is now in the polar station, Sedov encamped. The expedition completed a huge amount of work on the depth at the mouth of the Kolyma. It was found the fairway, and now enjoyed.
In the early 30's at the Kolyma and Chukotka worked ethnographic expedition under the leadership of a member of the Committee at the Presidium of the North ARCEC Kremlin Carl Yanovich Lux. His expedition was to be done in the field, to identify specific features of the life and work of local people. K. Lux tragically killed in Ambarchike. The expedition was completed without him. At the tomb of C. Lux-obelisk erected a monument to the five-pointed star.

Once in the bay Ambarchik really was a major trading port (the polar station was opened almost simultaneously with him - in 1935) and in the village during navigation lived a few thousand people. But it was not just a village, a huge camp, which is part of the system «Dalstroya» «Gulag Archipelago». In Ambarchike, in particular, the transit camp was the political and criminal exiles, where they are delivered to places of detention basins on the northern rivers.

Construction of the port in the bay Ambarchik began in 1932. The first builders were former peasants, fists and other «enemies of the people», which brought a caravan of ships from Vladivostok so-called North-East Kolyma expedition.
On the way back because of heavy ice conditions the court had to zazimovat from the Cape of Pevek in Chaunskoy bay.
After three years, the marine cargo ship «work» the first in the history of the Arctic has delivered the goods on the Kolyma of Arkhangelsk, which is from the west. Unloaded the ship in the new port Ambarchika (he brought, in particular, the steam-«cuckoo» Zyryanskih for rock-coal). Then the goods are brought речники Lena-Kolyma expedition, and the court pulled up the Kolyma.

Ambarchik was an important point of development of Soviet Arctic. He took part in the ground support the Rescue Челюскина 'first introduction to the North Pole. Provide patrol flights Mazuruka to "Catalina."

Bay Ambarchik - a participant of the Second World War. The first time met with the Germans when the meteorological station were trying to disembark with the landing of a submarine, but the station had just managed to bring the two machine guns Dyagiereva in the calculations, and have enough rifles. Both rubber assault boats were sunk, PL mogda not get closer because of the shallow water and ice, fired anti-aircraft machine, special damage is not caused - the houses were of a thick fin.
At the very end of navigation to the station came to German raider, and shot guns from all the buildings. Winter had to live in a "needle" of snow and rubble that remained of the houses. More battle scenes were not.

According to the gosarhiva Magadan region, on 1 November 1948 in Ambarchike in the transit center is 123 people, in a separate camp, paragraph number 3 - 778 people, and even lived in the village of 355 exiled - for a total 1256 zekov.
At that time, the Ambarchike pier were built, warehouses, barracks, cells, etc. All this was surrounded by kilometers of barbed wire. It is still found here everywhere. Around the dark ruins, pile some zhelezyak and stones, casks and logs. This place seems to be rather in a landfill.
On the hill - cemetery with rickety and corroded relics with asterisks. For many - the holes from bullets, including the star. Here and there a well-preserved inscriptions, which could see that in this cemetery are buried, in particular, sailors, and even children.

Perhaps the port is to act today, but due to small depths be appropriate to move it to the lower reaches of the Kolyma at Green Cape near the town of Chersky. There had not been storms. After the transfer of port Ambarchik empty.
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