Kamennostrovsky Bridge (Saint Petersburg)

 road bridge, listed building / architectural heritage, 1955_construction

Kamennoostrovsky Bridge (formerly Betankurovsky) is located in the alignment of Kamennoostrovsky Avenue. It is thrown across the Malaya Nevka River in the alignment of Kamennoostrovsky Avenue and connects Aptekarsky and Kamenny Islands.

It is a five-span metal structure with a length of 151.9 meters and a width of 36.1 meters. The abutments of the bridge are massive, reinforced concrete on a pile foundation, lined with granite. The permanent spans are covered by two-span metal rifled beams with solid walls and a curved outline of the lower belt.

The bridge is a drawbridge, although there is currently no wiring of the Kamennoostrovsky Bridge. The draw span is double-winged, a sliding-opening system with rigidly attached counterweights, with an electromechanical drive. The superstructure is all-welded.

The bridge is illuminated by 24 lanterns on 12 cast-iron floor lamps mounted on channel supports and bridge openers. The entrances to the bridge are decorated with granite obelisks with a bronze finish based on Soviet state symbols. The railing is cast iron, artistic casting with applied decorative elements.

In 1760, on the Malaya Nevka River, a flat-bed bridge was first erected for 11 ships designed by architect A.F. Visshe.

In 1765, it was replaced by a new floating bridge on 10 plashkouts, and then the floating bridge was connected to the coastal abutments on stilts extended into the river. The bridge in this form has been repeatedly repaired in wood.

In 1811-1813, according to the project of engineer A.A. Betancourt, the first seven-span wooden arch bridge in Russia was built on wooden supports and stone abutments on the site of the floating bridge. The total length of the bridge was 150.0 meters. In this form, the bridge was operated for 20 years.

In 1802, the bridge was named Kamennoostrovsky — after Kamenny Island.

In 1811-1813, according to the project of engineer A. Betancourt, a wooden seven—span arch bridge was built on the site of the floating bridge - the first wooden arch bridge in Russia. Its arches consisted of beams connected by teeth, and the stone coastal abutments on pile foundations were lined with pink granite. The bridge became an outstanding achievement of engineering thought at the beginning of the XIX century and was renamed in honor of its creator — Betancurovsky. At the same time, the name Kamennoostrovsky was still used in parallel, as well as the 1st Kamennoostrovsky (unlike numerous other bridges on Kamenny Island).

In 1859, according to the project of engineer A. Stuckenberg, a complete reconstruction of the bridge was carried out, in which the arch system was replaced by a complex strut system.

In 1899, during the next overhaul, the bridge was completely rebuilt in wood and turned into an 11-span beam-split system of 4 wooden frames with manual drive.

At the beginning of the XX century, the bridge was returned to its historical name — Kamennoostrovsky.

In 1938, the Kamennoostrovsky Bridge was completely reconstructed. The wooden girders were replaced with metal I-beams, and the manual drive was electrified. The old stone abutments with granite cladding were used, and the intermediate supports were repaired.

In 1953-1955, due to the increased intensity of traffic and increasing loads, as well as taking into account the dilapidated condition of the bridge, a new five-span metal bridge with a draw span in the middle was built, according to the project of engineers of the Leningrad Engineering Project V.V. Demchenko and B.B. Levin and architects P.A. Areshev and V.S. Vasilkovsky. The authors proposed an original structural scheme of the bridge with unequal spans, increasing from the banks to the middle of the river, proportional to the thickness of the supports. Due to this, the draw span in the middle of the river is not accentuated by anything. According to this typical river design scheme, the Ushakovsky and Sampsonievsky bridges were built with the addition of coastal spans.

Kamennoostrovsky Bridge is a five-span structure, the permanent spans are blocked by two-span metal rifled beams with solid walls and a curved outline of the lower belt.

The draw span is double-winged, a sliding-opening system with rigidly attached counterweights with an electromechanical drive. The superstructure is all-welded. The abutments of the bridge are massive, reinforced concrete on a pile foundation, lined with granite.

Reinforced concrete slab with reinforced concrete coating on the draw span is used here for the first time instead of a boardwalk.

The railing is cast iron, artistic casting with a pattern inspired by classical samples of the XVIII century. Granite obelisks topped with a bronze finish are installed at the entrances of the bridge.

In 1999, in the process of major repairs on the Kamennoostrovsky Bridge, tram tracks were replaced, the roadway was waterproofing, the asphalt concrete pavement on the roadway of the bridge and sidewalks were completely replaced.

In 2000, artistic lighting was installed on the facades and supports of the Kamennoostrovsky Bridge.

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