Old place of the Worker and Peasant Woman sculpture by Mukhina (Moscow) | place with historical importance

 place with historical importance, historical layer / disappeared object

Worker and Peasant Woman (Russian: Рабо́чий и колхо́зница) is a 24.5 meter (78 feet) high sculpture made from stainless steel by Vera Mukhina in 1937. The sculpture is a typical example of the socialist realistic style. The worker holds aloft a hammer and the peasant woman a sickle to form the hammer and sickle symbol, coat of arms of the Soviet Union.

The sculpture was originally created to crown the Soviet pavilion (architect: Boris Iofan) of the 1937 World's Fair in Paris. The organisers had sited the Soviet and German pavilions facing each other across the main pedestrian boulevard at the Trocadéro on the north bank of the Seine. Albert Speer, charged with redesigning the German pavilion, happened upon a confidential sketch of the Soviet plan while on an inspection tour of the site of the fair. He was struck by "a sculpted pair of figures... striding triumphantly towards the German Pavilion" and designed an architectural riposte to the massive sculptural group..

Mukhina was inspired by her study of the classical Harmodius and Aristogeiton, the Victory of Samothrace and La Marseillaise, François Rude's sculptural group for the Arc de Triomphe, to bring a monumental composition of socialist realist confidence to the heart of Paris. The symbolism of the two figures striding from East to West, as determined by the layout of the pavilion, was also not lost by spectators.

Although as Mukhina said, her sculpture was intended "to continue the idea inherent in the building, and this sculpture was to be an inseparable part of the whole structure", after the fair Worker and Peasant Woman was relocated to Moscow where it was placed just outside the Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy.

In 1941, the sculpture earned for Mukhina one of the initial batch of Stalin Prizes.

The sculpture was removed for restoration in the autumn of 2003 in preparations for Expo 2010. The sculpture was planned to return in 2005, but because the World's Fair was not awarded to Moscow but to Shanghai, the restoration process was hampered by financial problems. As of May 2007, the sculpture is still under restoration, and plans are under way to return the statue to its original location by 2008. The restored statue will use a new pavillion as its pedestal, increasing its total height from 34.5 meters (old pedestal was 10 meters tall) to 60 meters (new pavillion is 34.5 meters tall plus 24.5 meters of the statue's own height).

In cinema, Worker and Peasant Woman was chosen in 1947 to serve as the logo for the film studio Mosfilm. It can be seen in the opening credits many of the Russian films put out by the Mosfilm studio.