Vostok – permanent station of Russia

 1957_construction, weather record / weather extreme, research station in Antarctica

Vostok Station (Russian: Станция Восток) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) research station located near the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility, at the center of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Vostok Station is located within the Australian Antarctic Territory (although as a signatory to the Antarctic Treaty System, Australia does not exercise sovereignty over the territory).
On July 21, 1983, the lowest temperature ever recorded on earth was in Vostok with −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) Though unconfirmed, it has been reported that Vostok reached the temperature of −91 °C (−132 °F) during the winter of 1997. In 1996, Russian and British scientists from the station discovered Lake Vostok, the largest known subglacial lake in the world, underneath Vostok Station.