Anufriev skit

 abandoned / shut down, hermitage, Old Believers

Anufrievsky monastery was founded by one of the mentor kerzhenskih desert elder Anufriev at the end of XVII.

In the 1720's of the Nizhny Novgorod bishop Pitirim ransacked kerzhenskih Old cells located on the river Kerzhenets, resulting in the majority of cells had been burned, and skityane, hiding from the prosecution authorities were forced to flee into the forest to the north.
Elder Anufriev with Hieromonk Sofroni and other monks filed in Arkhangelsk Province and settled in Winter White Sea coast in the upper reaches of the river Koidu, some Koydozera. According to legend, before coming here Anufriev in these places were cells of Old Pomerania, the so-called zimneostrovskie desert.
At the invitation of Anufriev here give other Old Believers from kerzhenskih forest. Thus was formed at the Winter White Sea coast of Old Believer monastery, selbischa which were located on the shores of Koydozera as well as along the headwaters of rivers and Koidu Maida. This skit in honor of the founder, was named Anufrievskim (in 1744).

After the death of the old Anufriev (date of death unknown) was a mentor Anufrievskogo monastery monk Pakhomov, who until then had been a mentor in one of selbisch Skete. At that time they lived together with 20 elders and beltsov 15. In other selbischah Anufrievskogo Skete, located nearby, including those in the upper rivers of Koidu and Maida, live woman. The role of the moral leaders of these selbisch perform preceptress of aged, long period of living in a monastery.

Annually skityane sent in Verkhovsky Balti city to collect fees on food. They were brought from Yaroslavl and other cities "secular alms, one hundred and three or more, and all the food and other supplies." Prayer in the monastery performed in the same manner as in kerzhenskih forests, read the evening daily, morning and watches.

Mentor Anufrievskogo skite monk Pahomov October 20, 1743 died, and after his death became a mentor skite Schemamonk Varlaam. In November 1743, detachments of soldiers punitive military expedition led by Major Ilischevym been destroyed and looted the chapel and monastery cells, and the elders and the aged who were unable to escape, "poymasha guarded by soldiers sent to the Arkhangelsk Provincial Office and then forwarded to House Archbishop Arkhangelsky and Kholmogorskaya consistories.
Shortly after the defeat of the Old Anufrievskogo Skete monastery, which had managed to escape the punitive expedition, returned here, and their efforts and those newly arrived from different places of the Old Russia, with the active assistance of the inhabitants of Pomerania, most sympathizers Old Believers monastery was revived. In 1802 in the monastery was already 20 cells, which were scattered among them at a distance of one to three miles.

In 1845, Anufrievsky skit consisted of 11 individual selbisch scattered along the banks of the river Koydozera and Koidu. The most important of them - Anufrievskoe - located on the southern coast of Koydozera. The rest were scattered from him at a distance of 2,5-9 miles. In all these selbischah while 22 were living cells, which are home to 74 skityanina, including 14 men, 58 women and 2 children.
The bulk of the population in the monastery consisted of peasants, but there were people and merchant class, and even retired officials and military. In most cases, people moved here from the Arkhangelsk region, but there were also from distant provinces: Yaroslavl, Vologda and from St. Petersburg. Most were women keleynitsy. Living families had little, in 1856 there were only seven families.
All adults Skete were employed in different jobs. Men engaged in fishing and hunting. Also engaged in manufacturing various handicrafts made of wood: cups, spoons, ladles and other shallow dishes, which were sold in Arkhangelsk. Skityane contain livestock and have the deer. In small amounts there was gardening. Skityane also engaged in collecting and harvesting berries and mushrooms. Keleynitsy were mainly engaged in knitting and spinning thin belts threads. These things were mostly in the gift of "generous donations" skite.
In addition to revenues from fisheries and livestock, sources of funds for the maintenance of the monastery served as donations from wealthy Old central cities of Russia, in particular from Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. Skityane who were collecting donations for commercial and merchant of people called zaproschikami. They were sent to cities under the guise of trade people. The well-known place in the flow of funds for the maintenance of the monastery were also handouts surrounding population, which were collected keleynitsy.

Skitskoe property, other than cells, were objects of religious items: ancient books and icons. Among the many old icons were brought from kerzhenskih cells, as well as from Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod. At the head of a monastery was a senior mentor, who led the entire economy and religious life of a monastery. Each selbische consisting of several closely located cells, there was a prior or superior in rank and inocheskom usually elderly.
In each selbische Skete for common prayer, there were chapels, but in Anufrievskom selbische had a prayer. All the chapel decorated with ancient paintings and supplies staropepechatnymi books. Prayer house was decorated during the holidays especially revered by ancient icons that are stored in ordinary days prior to the survey, and not exhibited.

Initially, Old Anufrievskogo Skete adhered Danilovsky Pomor wing. However, communication with Moscow popovtsami affect the nature of their behavior, and in the middle of XIX century, most inhabitants of a monastery to stand by their faith.
Activities skite not limited to a closed life in a monastery. They were standing
Relations with the Old Believers from the remote provinces, and their representatives attended the congresses of the Old Believers.

Skityane constantly trying to spread its influence in the surrounding Orthodox population. Aged skite take to their learning of children from neighboring villages. A central selbische Anufrievskom was led by the school come from a peasant Pomors Evsey I. Nechaev.

Government and provincial authorities to take all measures to eradicate the Old. In 1847 the decision of provincial authorities Anufrievsky skit was officially renamed the village Anufrievskoe. To manage all settlements Skete was the manager, who was to give a report on the status of the cells to civil authorities.
In 1856, out of 11 selbisch Anufrievskogo skite inhabited were only 9, but two stood empty cells, cells from 22 skite accommodation is only 13. In 1862 their number dropped to 12. And in 1880 there were already inhabited only 4 cells.
In 1856, lived in a monastery skityanina 73, including 20 men and 53 women, among them 11 children. In 1862 the number of inhabitants of a monastery had fallen to 59, including 16 men and 43 women. In 1880 lived in a monastery 9. Many skityane by then moved to the next village pomorskie, including Koidu, Maida, streams, and other Semzhu.
After the government manifesto on religious tolerance in 1905 in these villages, there are officially registered Old communities.

Later Anufrievskoe settlement, as called hermitage in 1847, was renamed the settlement Koptyakovsky as the main population of his brothers and sisters were Koptyakovy. According to the census of 1920 in this vyselke were 6 residential yards, they lived 39 people, including 21 men and 18 women.
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