Trubetskoy Bastion Prison (Saint Petersburg)

 prison, 19th century construction, prison museum

Designed by military engineers Andreev and Pasypkin, the prison was built in 1870-1872 after the inner walls and casemates were dismantled inside Trubetskoy Bastion. This pentagonal two-storey building housed 69 solitary cells and two punishment cells. The first level housed a guard room, a visitor room and a kitchen. The Chief Warden's apartment was on the second level. There was a bath house for prisoners in the courtyard.
Trubetskoy Bastion was Russia's main remand prison for political prisoners before 1917. In 1880-1884 convicts were also held here.
During the 45 years of its existence the prison saw some 1,500 prisoners, mainly revolutionary activists: members of Narodnik (Populist) movement Andrey Zhelyabov, Vera Figner, Nikolay Morozov, Petr Kropotkin and Alexander Ulianov; social democrats Nikolay Bauman, Panteleymon Lepeshinsky and Lev Trotsky; socialist revolutionaries Viktor Chernov, Ekaterina Breshko-Breshkovskaya and Boris Savinkov. Tsarist ministers were held here following after the February 1917 bourgeois revolution; Provisional government ministers were imprisoned here after the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. During the Red Terror years, opponents of Soviet power were kept here. The last, in 1921, were the leaders of the Kronshtadt Revolt.
The Trubetskoy Bastion Prison has been a museum since 1924.