West Berlin (Berlin)

West-Berlin became an exclave after the Second World War. Germany had lost and was partitioned. The Western allies (USA, UK and France) united their German territories in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) while the Soviet Union created the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the East.

Berlin was partitioned in the same way as the rest of Germany, West-Berlin became a part of the FRG and East-Berlin became a part of the GDR. The Berlin wall was built in 1961 by the communist East German Government, officially the East German government claimed that the Wall was an "anti-Fascist protective rampart" (German: antifaschistischer Schutzwall) intended to dissuade aggression from the West. Practically it served to stop East Germans from fleeing to the West. Before its construction, hundreds of people fled to the West each day.

The wall fell in 1989 and Germany was officially reunified in 1990. Since then most of the wall was demolished. Some ruins of the wall remain throughout the city, while remains of the wall were donated to various countries as a symbol of freedom. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Berlin_Wall_portions